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Liburkina L. M.

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Foreign Trade Relations of Ukraine, Poland and the Baltic Countries in the Context of European Union Enlargement
Shuba M. V., Makarchuk K. O.

Shuba, Maryna V., and Makarchuk, Kateryna O. (2025) “Foreign Trade Relations of Ukraine, Poland and the Baltic Countries in the Context of European Union Enlargement.” Business Inform 8:80–87.
https://doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2025-8-80-87

Section: Foreign Experience

Article is written in Ukrainian
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UDC 339.56(477:438:474):[339.923:061.1ЄС]

Abstract:
The aim of the article is to determine the current state and characteristics of the foreign trade relations of Ukraine, Poland, and the Baltic countries in the context of the European Union’s enlargement. In 2004, when Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia joined the EU, new opportunities emerged for them to access the European market, financial resources, and mechanisms of the common trade policy, which facilitated export growth, diversification of trade links, and modernization of the institutional environment of the new EU Member States. To assess the current state and characteristics of Ukraine’s foreign trade relations with Poland and the Baltic countries, the study analyzes the dynamics and commodity structure of Ukraine’s bilateral trade with Poland and the Baltic countries from 2014 to 2024. The research reveals a significant asymmetry in trade cooperation: among the Baltic countries, Lithuania dominates as Ukraine’s main trading partner, while trade with Latvia and Estonia remains at a peripheral level. The main commodity items of Ukrainian exports are timber and wood products, as well as chemical products. The import structure is dominated by mineral fuels, petroleum products, fish, and seafood. Ukraine’s trade relations with Poland are characterized by significantly larger scale and intensity compared to the Baltic direction. Exports to Poland grew until 2022, followed by a decline due to the ongoing military actions. The main export goods are ferrous metals and vegetable oils, and the main imports are mineral fuels and vehicles. As an EU member, Poland shows much higher trade volumes with the Baltic countries compared to Ukrainian-Baltic cooperation, which confirms the benefits of membership in the common European market. It is concluded that it is necessary to diversify the geographic structure of Ukraine’s exports, strengthen economic dialogue with the Baltic countries, and use the experience of Poland and the Baltic countries as a model for integration into the European market.

Keywords: foreign trade relations, exports, imports, Ukraine, Poland, Baltic states, European integration, EU.

Fig.: 6. Bibl.: 10.

Shuba Maryna V. – Candidate of Sciences (Economics), Associate Professor, Associate Professor, Department of International Economic Relations and Logistics, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University (4 Svobody Square, Kharkіv, 61022, Ukraine)
Email: [email protected]
Makarchuk Kateryna O. – Candidate of Sciences (Economics), Associate Professor, Associate Professor, Department of International Economic Relations, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University (4 Svobody Square, Kharkіv, 61022, Ukraine)
Email: [email protected]

List of references in article

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Poliakova, J., Shayda, O., Drebot, N., & Myronova, M. (2025). Foreign trade relations of Ukraine with the EU countries. Zeszyty Naukowe Wy?szej Szko?y Bankowej W Poznaniu, 107(4). https://doi.org/10.58683/dnswsb.2018

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