BUSINESS INFORM JOURNAL.

УКР

ENG

Search:

REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE

KV #19905-9705 PR dated 02.04.2013.

FOUNDERS

RESEARCH CENTRE FOR INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT PROBLEMS of NAS of Ukraine (KHARKIV, UKRAINE)

ROR

EDRPOU 05481984

According to the decision No. 802 of the National Council of Television and Radio Broadcasting of Ukraine dated 14.03.2024, is registered as a subject in the field of print media.
ID R30-03156

PUBLISHER

Liburkina L. M.

CATALOG

From Friendshoring to Strategic Diversification: The New Geography of Global Supply Chains in 2025–2026
Yeremenko A. V.

Yeremenko, Andriy V. (2026) “From Friendshoring to Strategic Diversification: The New Geography of Global Supply Chains in 2025–2026.” Business Inform 3:34–44.
https://doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2026-3-34-44

Section: Globalization Processes in the Economy

Article is written in Ukrainian
Downloads/views: 59

Download article (pdf) -

UDC 339.9:658.7(100)

Abstract:
The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the transformation of the architecture of global supply chains in the context of geopolitical fragmentation and the transition to a new world economic order in 2025–2026. The evolution of strategies of the world’s leading economies is examined – from selective cooperation with political allies (friendshoring) to multi-vector strategic diversification. The main focus is on the formation of new regional production hubs, particularly in Mexico (nearshoring), the «Altasia» countries (alternative Asia), and Southeast Asia (ASEAN). The work provides a detailed analysis of the impact of regulatory initiatives, such as the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) and Critical Raw Materials Acts (CRMA), on the reconfiguration of logistics routes and the investment attractiveness of regions. A separate section is devoted to the strategic role of Ukraine in rebuilding European value chains, particularly in the energy, critical minerals, and defense industries. The role of artificial intelligence and digital twins as key tools for ensuring resilience in risk forecasting and management is examined. The article contains a large volume of statistical data on foreign direct investment, logistics indices, and trade flows. The conclusions emphasize the need to move from linear cost-optimization models to complex ecosystem approaches of «orchestrating the future», which allow businesses and countries to adapt to conditions of structural volatility. It is substantiated that success in 2026 is determined not by minimizing logistics costs, but by the speed of response to geopolitical and climate challenges through technological integration and geographic flexibility.

Keywords: global supply chains, friendshoring, nearshoring, strategic diversification, Altasia, artificial intelligence, logistical resilience, economic security.

Tabl.: 5. Bibl.: 28.

Yeremenko Andriy V. – Candidate of Sciences (Economics), Associate Professor, Department of European Economics and Business, Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman (54/1 Beresteiskyi Ave., Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine)
Email: [email protected]

List of references in article

Allgood K. & Hong P. K. (2026). Global Value Chains Outlook 2026: Orchestrating Corporate and National Agility. https://reports.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Global_Value_Chains_Outlook_2026.pdf
ASEAN. ASEAN Investment Report 2025. Foreign Direct Investment and Supply Chain Development. https://asean.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/AIR2025_rev17-Okt.pdf
Attinasi M.-G., Boeckelmann L. & Meunier B. (2023). Friend-shoring global value chains: a model-based assessment. European Central Bank. https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/economic-bulletin/focus/2023/html/ecb.ebbox202302_03~d4063f8791.en.html
BioTech. (2026). Supply Chain in Pharma in 2026. https://biotech-spain.com/en/articles/supply-chain-in-pharma-in-2026/
Chauhan I. (2026). Friendshoring: How Geopolitical Tensions Are Reshaping Global Supply Chains. International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research, 1(8). https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i01.66739
Choudhury B. P. (2024, November 9). Geopolitics and Economic Issues Corner. Medium. https://bikashpaulchoudhury.medium.com/geopolitics-and-economic-issues-corner-5b612dc8ae14
European Commission. (2025). Ukraine Investment Framework. https://enlargement.ec.europa.eu/countries/ukraine/ukraine-investment-framework_en
European Commission. (2025). EU steps up support for Ukraine’s recovery, reconstruction, and modernisation and opens new opportunities for resilience and defence industries. https://enlargement.ec.europa.eu/news/eu-steps-support-ukraines-recovery-reconstruction-and-modernisation-and-opens-new-opportunities-2025-11-13_en
Forum Energii. (2026). Critical raw materials in the energy transition. Assessing Ukraine’s potential for EU supply chains. https://www.forum-energii.eu/en/critical-raw-materials-in-the-energy-transition-assessing-ukraines-potential-for-eu-supply-chains
Foster T. (2025). Supply chain risk pulse 2025: Tariffs reshuffle global trade priorities. McKinsey & Company. https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/operations/our-insights/supply-chain-risk-survey
Global Investment Trends Monitor (2025). UN trade & development, 50. https://unctad.org/publication/global-investment-trends-monitor-no-50
Guerrero A. (2025). Building a Resilient Supply Chain: Dynamic Sourcing Strategies to Counter Tariff Risks. Infor Blog. https://www.infor.com/blog/counter-tariff-risks
Hong P., Chen H.-W., Ahrens F. & et al. Challenges and Opportunities of Altasia: A National Benchmarking Assessment. Sustainability, 19(15), Art. 14507. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151914507
IMF. (2026). World Economic Outlook. https://www.imf.org/en/publications/weo
Jernigan W. (2025). How the EU’s CBAM will impact the business and carbon pricing landscape. World Economic Forum. https://www.weforum.org/stories/2025/12/eu-cbam-impact-business-carbon-pricing-landscape/
Kim M. (2026). Europe’s CBAM raises supply chain carbon risks for South Korean technology industries. Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis. https://ieefa.org/resources/europes-cbam-raises-supply-chain-carbon-risks-south-korean-technology-industries
Knan S. (2026, January 7). Ukraine’s Post-War Reconstruction May Fuel Billion-Dollar European Deals. ModernDiplomacy. https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2026/01/07/ukraines-post-war-reconstruction-may-fuel-billion-dollar-european-deals/
Marsh. (2026). Supply chain trends in 2026: A continuation of complexity and risk. https://www.marsh.com/en/services/business-interruption-supply-chain/insights/supply-chain-trends.html
Moiseienko D., Sicheneder A. & Zaniewicz M. (2025). Critical raw materials in the energy transition: Assessing Ukraine’s potential for EU supply chains. Green Deal Ukraina. https://greendealukraina.org/assets/images/reports/critical-raw-materials-in-the-energy-transition.pdf
nqc.com. From insights to orchestration: how AI is changing supply chains. https://nqc.com/blog/how-ai-is-changing-supply-chains-a-2026-executive-roadmap
Seshadri N. M., Palaniswamy A. S., McDermott O. & et al. (2026). Beyond the Buffer: A Hierarchical Blueprint for Resilient Supply Chain. Logistics, 2(10), Art. 43. https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics10020043
Straight B. (2025). Reglobalization drives the modern supply chain network. SupplyChain Management Review. https://www.scmr.com/article/reglobalization-and-the-modern-supply-chain
traceconsultants.com.au. Supply Chain Resilience in Australia: Navigating Global Trade Tensions in 2025. https://www.traceconsultants.com.au/thinking/supply-chain-resilience-in-australia-navigating-global-trade-tensions-in-2025
UN trade & development. (2026). Global foreign investment up 14% in 2025, with growth concentrated in developed economies. https://unctad.org/news/global-foreign-investment-14-2025-growth-concentrated-developed-economies
UN trade & development. (2026). Data centres are reshaping the global investment landscape. https://unctad.org/news/data-centres-are-reshaping-global-investment-landscape
Wolfenstein K. (2025). US strategies to reduce dependence on China: Friendshoring – Reshoring – Nearshoring. Xpert. https://xpert.digital/en/us-strategies-to-reduce-china-dependence/
World Bank Group. (2026). Global Economy Shows Resilience Amid Historic Trade, Policy Uncertainty. https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2026/01/13/global-economic-prospects-january-2026-press-release
World Population Review. (2026). Logistics Performance Index by Country 2026. https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/logistics-performance-index-by-country